The study provides an overview of the situation of individuals with undetermined citizenship in Estonia, focusing on various aspects of acquiring citizenship: the main obstacles, motives, and justifications for desiring or not desiring Estonian citizenship, actions to increase motivation, and the information, support, and communication needed to take real steps towards acquiring citizenship. Additionally, the study examines the attitudes of people with undefined citizenship towards various issues affecting life in Estonia. The study was initiated by the Integration Foundation in spring 2024.
The study is based on the results of a questionnaire survey and focus group interviews among people with undefined citizenship. Data collection occurred from October to December 2024. The web-based survey was conducted through contacts obtained from the Population Register, with 1991 respondents. The respondent profiles are similar to the general population of people with undefined citizenship (average age 49, 52% male, 72% with vocational or secondary education, 55% residents of Tallinn). Additionally, 7 focus group interviews involving a total of 28 people were conducted during the same period. Based on the collected data, a descriptive analysis of the target group was conducted and individuals with undefined citizenship were divided into 8 different groups/clusters. These clusters helped better analyze and understand the internal heterogeneity of the target group.